Updated August 2014
List references in numerical order (i.e. consecutively as they appear in the document/presentation; NOT alphabetical order)
During the draft phase of your document, it is often easiest to use parenthetical citations with the author’s last name as place-holders
until the document/presentation is complete; then put the citations in numerical order on the final version
DRAFT FINAL
Number references consecutively with superscript Arabic
numerals, including text, tables, or figures
For 2 or more references cited at a given place:
Use hyphens to join the first and last numbers of a
closed series
Use commas without a space to separate other parts
of a multiple citation
If a multiple citation involves many references and
creates the appearance of a hole (usually 20-25
characters or more), use an asterisk in the text and
give the citation in a footnote
Place superscript numerals outside periods and commas,
inside colons and semicolons
Do NOT place a superscript reference immediately after a
number or abbreviated unit of measure
You may cite page numbers within superscript reference
Be sure to cite often enough throughout the
document/presentation so that the reader can know where
you got the information, but be careful not to cite too often
(i.e. do not only include your list of references and not cite
throughout; if several consecutive sentences are from the
same reference, you may only cite the first sentence)
Reference List (p41-42)
1,4
1. Hall JE, Brands MW. Intrarenal and circulating angiotensin II and renal function. In: Robertson
JIS, Nicholls MG, eds. The Renin-Angiotensin System. London: Gower Medical, 1993.
2. Weber KT, Brilla CG. Pathological hypertrophy and cardiac interstitium: fibrosis and renin-
angiotensin-aldosterone system. Circulation. 1991;83:1849-1865.
3. Weber KT, Villarreal D. Aldosterone and antialdosterone therapy in congestive heart failure.
Am J Cardiol. 1993;71:3A-11A
4. Barr CS, Lang CC, Hanson J, Arnott M, Kennedy N, Struthers AD. Effects of adding
spironolactone to an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in chronic congestive heart
failure secondary to coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 1995;76:1259-1265.
5. Staessen J, Lijnen P, Fagard R, Verschueren LJ, Amery A. Rise in plasma concentration of
aldosterone during long-term angiotensin II suppression. J Endocrinol. 1981;91:457-465.
Aldosterone is known to be important in the pathophysiology
of heart failure.(Hall; Weber (1991); Weber (1993); Barr) Many
clinicians have assumed that angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors, by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to
angiotensin II, inhibit the production of aldosterone. Increasing
evidence, however, suggests that currently recommended and
usual doses of ACE inhibitors do not completely suppress
aldosterone production.(Staessen)
Aldosterone is known to be important in the pathophysiology
of heart failure.
1-4
Many clinicians have assumed that
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, by inhibiting
the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, inhibit the
production of aldosterone. Increasing evidence, however,
suggests that currently recommended and usual doses of ACE
inhibitors do not completely suppress aldosterone production.
5
Aldosterone is known to be important in the pathophysiology
of heart failure.
1-4
Many clinicians have assumed that
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, by inhibiting
the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, inhibit the
production of aldosterone. Increasing evidence, however,
suggests that currently recommended and usual doses of ACE
inhibitors do not completely suppress aldosterone production.
5
Citation
1,3,5-7,10-13,15,18,19,21
Citation*